Incorporating anthropogenic effects into trophic ecology: predator-prey interactions in a human-dominated landscape.
Identifieur interne : 000074 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000073; suivant : 000075Incorporating anthropogenic effects into trophic ecology: predator-prey interactions in a human-dominated landscape.
Auteurs : Ine Dorresteijn [Oman] ; Jannik Schultner [Allemagne] ; Dale G. Nimmo [Australie] ; Joern Fischer [Allemagne] ; Jan Hanspach [Allemagne] ; Tobias Kuemmerle [Allemagne] ; Laura Kehoe [Allemagne] ; Euan G. Ritchie [Australie]Source :
- Proceedings. Biological sciences [ 1471-2954 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- geographic : Roumanie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic : Romania.
- Animals, Deer, Dogs, Food Chain, Foxes, Human Activities, Models, Theoretical, Population Dynamics, Predatory Behavior, Ursidae, Wolves.
Abstract
Apex predators perform important functions that regulate ecosystems worldwide. However, little is known about how ecosystem regulation by predators is influenced by human activities. In particular, how important are top-down effects of predators relative to direct and indirect human-mediated bottom-up and top-down processes? Combining data on species' occurrence from camera traps and hunting records, we aimed to quantify the relative effects of top-down and bottom-up processes in shaping predator and prey distributions in a human-dominated landscape in Transylvania, Romania. By global standards this system is diverse, including apex predators (brown bear and wolf), mesopredators (red fox) and large herbivores (roe and red deer). Humans and free-ranging dogs represent additional predators in the system. Using structural equation modelling, we found that apex predators suppress lower trophic levels, especially herbivores. However, direct and indirect top-down effects of humans affected the ecosystem more strongly, influencing species at all trophic levels. Our study highlights the need to explicitly embed humans and their influences within trophic cascade theory. This will greatly expand our understanding of species interactions in human-modified landscapes, which compose the majority of the Earth's terrestrial surface.
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1602
PubMed: 26336169
Affiliations:
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Ritchie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria 3125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings. Biological sciences</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2954</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Deer</term><term>Dogs</term><term>Food Chain</term><term>Foxes</term><term>Human Activities</term><term>Models, Theoretical</term><term>Population Dynamics</term><term>Predatory Behavior</term><term>Romania</term><term>Ursidae</term><term>Wolves</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Romania</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Deer</term><term>Dogs</term><term>Food Chain</term><term>Foxes</term><term>Human Activities</term><term>Models, Theoretical</term><term>Population Dynamics</term><term>Predatory Behavior</term><term>Ursidae</term><term>Wolves</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Roumanie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Apex predators perform important functions that regulate ecosystems worldwide. However, little is known about how ecosystem regulation by predators is influenced by human activities. In particular, how important are top-down effects of predators relative to direct and indirect human-mediated bottom-up and top-down processes? Combining data on species' occurrence from camera traps and hunting records, we aimed to quantify the relative effects of top-down and bottom-up processes in shaping predator and prey distributions in a human-dominated landscape in Transylvania, Romania. By global standards this system is diverse, including apex predators (brown bear and wolf), mesopredators (red fox) and large herbivores (roe and red deer). Humans and free-ranging dogs represent additional predators in the system. Using structural equation modelling, we found that apex predators suppress lower trophic levels, especially herbivores. However, direct and indirect top-down effects of humans affected the ecosystem more strongly, influencing species at all trophic levels. Our study highlights the need to explicitly embed humans and their influences within trophic cascade theory. This will greatly expand our understanding of species interactions in human-modified landscapes, which compose the majority of the Earth's terrestrial surface.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Oman</li></country><region><li>Berlin</li></region><settlement><li>Berlin</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Oman"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dorresteijn, Ine" sort="Dorresteijn, Ine" uniqKey="Dorresteijn I" first="Ine" last="Dorresteijn">Ine Dorresteijn</name></noRegion></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Schultner, Jannik" sort="Schultner, Jannik" uniqKey="Schultner J" first="Jannik" last="Schultner">Jannik Schultner</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Fischer, Joern" sort="Fischer, Joern" uniqKey="Fischer J" first="Joern" last="Fischer">Joern Fischer</name><name sortKey="Hanspach, Jan" sort="Hanspach, Jan" uniqKey="Hanspach J" first="Jan" last="Hanspach">Jan Hanspach</name><name sortKey="Kehoe, Laura" sort="Kehoe, Laura" uniqKey="Kehoe L" first="Laura" last="Kehoe">Laura Kehoe</name><name sortKey="Kuemmerle, Tobias" sort="Kuemmerle, Tobias" uniqKey="Kuemmerle T" first="Tobias" last="Kuemmerle">Tobias Kuemmerle</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nimmo, Dale G" sort="Nimmo, Dale G" uniqKey="Nimmo D" first="Dale G" last="Nimmo">Dale G. Nimmo</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ritchie, Euan G" sort="Ritchie, Euan G" uniqKey="Ritchie E" first="Euan G" last="Ritchie">Euan G. Ritchie</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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